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The remarkable recent discovery of the Higgs boson at the CERN Large Hadron Collider completed the Standard Model of particle physics and has paved the way for understanding the physics which may lie beyond it. String/M theory has emerged as a broad framework for describing a plethora of diverse physical systems, which includes condensed matter systems, gravitational systems as well as elementary particle physics interactions. If string/M theory is to be considered as a candidate theory of Nature, it must contain an effectively four-dimensional universe among its solutions that is indistinguishable from our own. In these solutions, the extra dimensions of string/M theory are "compactified" on tiny scales which are often comparable to the Planck length. String phenomenology is the branch of string/M theory that studies such solutions, relates their properties to data, and aims to answer many of the outstanding questions of particle physics beyond the Standard Model. This book contains perspectives on string phenomenology from some of the leading experts in the field. Contributions will range from pedagogical general overviews and perspectives to more technical reviews. We hope that the reader will get a sense of the significant progress that has been made in the field in recent years (e.g. in the topic of moduli stabilization) as well as the topics currently being researched, outstanding problems and some perspectives for the future.

String models.

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The remarkable recent discovery of the Higgs boson at the CERN Large Hadron Collider completed the Standard Model of particle physics and has paved the way for understanding the physics which may lie beyond it. String/M theory has emerged as a broad framework for describing a plethora of diverse physical systems, which includes condensed matter systems, gravitational systems as well as elementary particle physics interactions. If string/M theory is to be considered as a candidate theory of Nature, it must contain an effectively four-dimensional universe among its solutions that is indistinguishable from our own. In these solutions, the extra dimensions of string/M theory are "compactified" on tiny scales which are often comparable to the Planck length. String phenomenology is the branch of string/M theory that studies such solutions, relates their properties to data, and aims to answer many of the outstanding questions of particle physics beyond the Standard Model. This book contains perspectives on string phenomenology from some of the leading experts in the field. Contributions will range from pedagogical general overviews and perspectives to more technical reviews. We hope that the reader will get a sense of the significant progress that has been made in the field in recent years (e.g. in the topic of moduli stabilization) as well as the topics currently being researched, outstanding problems and some perspectives for the future.

String models.

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Cosmic background radiation. --- General relativity (Physics). --- Gravity. --- String models.

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The goal of this text is to introduce, in a very elementary way, the concept of anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence to condensed matter physicists. This theory relates a gravity theory in a (d+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter space time to a strongly coupled d-dimensional quantum field theory living on its boundary. The AdS/CFT correspondence can be used to study finite temperature real time processes, such as response functions and dynamics far from equilibrium in quantum critical points in condensed matter systems. Computation of these quantities is reduced to solving classical gravitational equations in one higher dimension than the original theory.

Gauge fields (Physics) --- String models. --- Condensed matter. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- SCIENCE / Physics / Condensed Matter.

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E' un libro che parla di fisica rivolgendosi a lettori che non hanno necessariamente una preparazione specifica in questo campo, ma sono comunque interessati a scoprire la novità, l'originalità e le possibili strane implicazioni di alcune sorprendenti idee utilizzate dalla fisica teorica moderna. Si può classificare come libro di divulgazione scientifica, ma di stampo piuttosto non convenzionale perchè si focalizza non solo ciò che è già noto ma anche - e soprattutto - su ciò che ancora è ignoto. Molte parti di questo libro sono infatti dedicate all'introduzione e all'illustrazione di modelli e risultati teorici che sono potenzialmente di importanza cruciale per una comprensione più profonda della Natura, ma che sono ancora in attesa di una definitiva conferma (o smentita) sperimentale. Da questo punto di vista il libro potrebbe avere interesse anche per i fisici di professione, specializzati o no nel campo della fisica teorica e delle interazioni fondamentali. La focalizzazione sui tre temi elencati nel titolo (gravità, stringhe e particelle) è principalmente motivata dal fatto che solo uno studio congiunto e approfondito di questi tre temi sembra in grado di fornirci la chiave di quello che probabilmente rappresenta uno dei più grandi ed affascinanti misteri della scienza attuale: oltre al tempo e alle tre dimensioni dello spazio, esistono altre dimensioni nel nostro Universo? In caso affermativo, quante sono?

Gravity. --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- String models. --- Models, String --- String theory --- Nuclear reactions --- Elementary particles (Physics) --- High energy physics --- Nuclear particles --- Nucleons --- Nuclear physics --- Geophysics --- Mechanics --- Pendulum --- Astronomy. --- Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory. --- Popular Science in Astronomy. --- Quantum Field Theories, String Theory. --- Cosmology. --- Mathematical Physics. --- Gravitation. --- Quantum field theory. --- String theory. --- Mathematical physics. --- Physical mathematics --- Physics --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- Relativistic quantum field theory --- Field theory (Physics) --- Quantum theory --- Relativity (Physics) --- Matter --- Antigravity --- Centrifugal force --- Mathematics --- Properties